Weather                               

Overview of Weather

1. Pertinent Readings

            Spaulding & Namowitz, Heath Earth Science, ch. 26 – 30

2. Pertinent E2C Workshops and Resources

 

THE NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION AND CLIMATE VARIABILITY

Feb. 2000—scientist: Martin Visbeck

AIR-SEA INTERACTIONS: THE NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION

Feb. 2001—scientist: Martin Visbeck

AIR-SEA INTERACTIONS: "WHY IS EUROPE WARMER THAN CANADA? THE GULF STREAM vs. ATMOSPHERIC WINDS"

Feb. 2002—scientist: Martin Visbeck

WINDS, CURRENTS, AND CORES, PART 1: OLD TECHNOLOGY TO NEW: ASSEMBLING A 100-YEAR RECORD OF OCEAN WINDS FROM SHIPS AND SATELLITES

Mar. 2000—scientist: Donna Witter

CIRCULATION AND WINDS: EXPLORING THE OCEANS WITH SATELLITES

Mar. 2001—scientist: Donna Witter 

 

3. Key General Concepts

            Structure of the atmosphere

            Major weather variables: temperature, pressure, wind direction and speed, precipitation, sky cover, relative humidity and dew point

            Weather observation and forecasting technologies

Air masses, fronts, pressure systems     

Solar radiation and atmospheric energy

Global and regional weather and climate patterns

            Severe Weather

 

4. Questions about the Key Concepts (These are to be answered and submitted.)

1. Make a simple diagram to represent the structure of the atmosphere.

2. What is the "greenhouse effect"? How is it involved in Earth’s heat balance?

3. Describe the global wind and climate belts.

4. Make a chart describing the characteristics of the four main types of air masses, and their source regions.

5. Make a chart describing typical weather associated with the four main types of weather fronts, and their map symbols.

6. What type of weather is typically associated with a cyclone? anticyclone?

7. Construct a station model representing the following conditions:

air temperature: 20 o C    dew-point temperature: 18 o C     sky cover: overcast

present weather: drizzle  wind direction: southwest           wind speed: 5 knots     air pressure: 29.94 in.

8. Find the current GOES satellite image and describe conditions shown in the image.

9. Find the current Doppler radar image and describe conditions shown.

10. Go to the home page of the National Weather Service office serving your area.  What are some of the main features presented on their web site?

 

 

5. Educational Technology

During the educational technology portion of class, we will explore some of the online resources available for your classes. Among these are:

            www.nws.noaa.gov From this National Weather Service home page, you can locate the NWS Forecast Office serving your area. You should also find and bookmark the web pages of some of the NWS National Centers, particularly the Storm Prediction Center and Tropical Prediction Center (National Hurricane Center.)

            www.noaa.gov The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration is the parent agency of the NWS and its sister agencies. There is much on this site that would be of value for your students and you in developing interesting investigations about weather, climate, and related topics.

            www.usatoday.com USA Today provides some of the best commercial weather information. Go to the Weather pages and see what’s available for use by students, such as “Weather Briefs” and archived hurricane data.

One of the most useful Internet-based weather resources is the American Meteorological Society’s DataStreme Atmosphere

            www.ametsoc.org/amsedu/dstreme

This program provides weather education training each semester for selected participants, one of the AMS Education Initiatives graduate level courses. However, the web site provides for anyone excellent links to current weather maps, satellite and radar images, meteograms, and many other useful resources.

            Environment Canada, working in cooperation with the AMS, developed Project Atmosphere Canada, which provides web-based versions of many of the teacher-training materials created by the AMS. These are available at

            The Weather Channel provides 24/7 visual images of local, regional, and global weather. They have also created many special programs about significant events. TWC has developed a variety of educationally-oriented projects. You should go to their web site, www.weather.com, to find what resources are available.

 

6. DLESE review

            Open www.dlese.org. Follow the appropriate prompts to locate at least two web sites dealing with imaging. Send the URLs as part of your course submission materials. If possible, provide feedback to DLESE using the Community Review System.


7. Planning for Your Course

 

     1. List the five most important things you think that students should understand about weather and climate.

     2.  Identify representative state science education standards pertinent to this session’s theme.

3.  Describe one activity in which students might utilize information or data available through the resources you used for this session.

Optional Opportunities

      1.  NOAA Weather Radio provides the most up-to-the-minute method of obtaining weather information. All schools and, if possible, all classes should have NOAA Weather Radios, preferably with an alarm system. (Nothing is more fun than watching students jump up when the normal 11 a.m. Wednesday system test alarm goes off suddenly—hehehe!)

      2. There’s always interesting weather taking place somewhere, so you could have students keep a “current events” display posted on a classroom bulletin board or hallway. Include such phenomena as hurricanes, tornadoes, floods and drought, and severe storms. You could also include satellite images.

      3. If "Today’s Weather" (AMS DataStreme teacher-training booklet) is available, read the Narrative and complete the four activities.

      4. Have students prepare emergency plans to deal with serious weather situations likely to occur in your area, as part of your school’s preparation planning.